Go测试依赖包实战指南 #

go get -u github.com/stretchr/testify

// 原生Go测试
func TestWithoutTestify(t *testing.T) {
    result := Calculate(2, 3)
    if result != 5 {
        t.Errorf("Expected 5, got %d", result)
    }
}

// 使用testify
func TestWithTestify(t *testing.T) {
    assert := assert.New(t)
    assert.Equal(5, Calculate(2, 3), "计算结果应该是5")
    assert.Error(DoSomething(), "应该返回错误")
    assert.Contains(text, "keyword", "文本应包含关键词")
}

assert.Equal(t, expected, actual)
assert.NotNil(t, object)

require.NoError(t, err)  // 有错误就停止
require.NotEmpty(t, data)

type BillTestSuite struct {
    suite.Suite
    db *sql.DB
}

func (suite *BillTestSuite) SetupTest() {
    suite.db = setupTestDB()
}

go get -u github.com/golang/mock/mockgen

type BillRepository interface {
    Create(bill *Bill) error
    GetByID(id int64) (*Bill, error)
}

mockgen -source=repository.go -destination=mocks/repository_mock.go

func TestBillService(t *testing.T) {
    ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
    defer ctrl.Finish()
    
    mockRepo := mocks.NewMockBillRepository(ctrl)
    
    // 设置期望
    mockRepo.EXPECT().
        GetByID(1).
        Return(&Bill{ID: 1, Amount: 100}, nil)
    
    // 验证调用次数
    mockRepo.EXPECT().
        Create(gomock.Any()).
        Times(1)
    
    service := NewBillService(mockRepo)
    service.ProcessBill(1)
}

go get -u github.com/DATA-DOG/go-sqlmock

func TestDatabaseOperation(t *testing.T) {
    // 创建mock数据库
    db, mock, err := sqlmock.New()
    require.NoError(t, err)
    defer db.Close()
    
    // 设置SQL期望
    mock.ExpectBegin()
    mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO bills").
        WithArgs(100.50, "餐饮", sqlmock.AnyArg()).
        WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
    mock.ExpectCommit()
    
    // 执行测试
    repo := NewBillRepository(db)
    err = repo.CreateBill(&Bill{
        Amount:   100.50,
        Category: "餐饮",
    })
    
    // 验证期望
    assert.NoError(t, mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
}

func TestBillService_CreateBillWithNotification(t *testing.T) {
    // testify提供断言
    assert := assert.New(t)
    
    // sqlmock模拟数据库
    db, mock, _ := sqlmock.New()
    defer db.Close()
    
    // gomock模拟服务依赖
    ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
    mockNotifier := mocks.NewMockNotifier(ctrl)
    
    // 设置数据库期望
    mock.ExpectBegin()
    mock.ExpectExec("INSERT INTO bills").
        WillReturnResult(sqlmock.NewResult(1, 1))
    mock.ExpectCommit()
    
    // 设置通知服务期望
    mockNotifier.EXPECT().
        SendNotification(gomock.Any()).
        Return(nil)
    
    // 执行测试
    service := NewBillService(db, mockNotifier)
    bill := &Bill{Amount: 100, Category: "餐饮"}
    err := service.CreateBillWithNotification(bill)
    
    // 验证结果
    assert.NoError(err)
    assert.NotZero(bill.ID)
    assert.NoError(mock.ExpectationsWereMet())
}